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Landscape.
The Monello Cove, located in C.da Grottaperciata to the limit of the communal territory of Siracusa, was accidentally discovered in one sultry day of August of 1948. The cove and' be declared Reservoir Natural Integral the 4/11/1998 and entrusted in management to the CUTGANA, Interfacoltà Center of the University of Catania.
With nearly sixty hectares of extension, the epigeo of the Reservoir is introduced to the visitor like an authentication cornucopia of the biodiversity and the sicialian natural landscape. It goes them fluvial steep and mysterious from the scoscesi and inviolabili depositors talora, “locally hollow” calls, are alternated to pebbly pianori and sun to you, with borders of property left at death cultivations to ulivo and carob tree, where which vaschette of corrosion abound interesting carsiche shapes, scannellature and furrow to carsi to us. Wide zones cultivated to pasture represent the ideal habitat for most numerous of species of invertebrates, while narrow cavities and small gorges, hidden from the euforbie and the lentischi take root, offer sure shelter to istrici, nocturnal vixens to you and rapaci. In its complex, like a great naturalistic laboratory in the open air, the landscape of the Reservoir offers to the visitor the possibility to observe, in an area relatively reduced, the great landscaped variety that ago of the Iblei mounts one of atmospheres more evocative than all Mediterranean.
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The cove
Wonderful example of cavity and carsiche structures, the Monello Cove accidentally was discovered for the landslide of the land that of it obstructed the opening to sink, wide beyond 2 m and deep approximately 7 m. The ipogeo is set up in the calcareniti ones of the Formation of the Climiti Mounts, with the main axis along a tettonica structure of direction the lateral ENE-WSW and coppers along systems of faglie with direction NNW-SSE. The cove, with a total development of 540 m approximately, is most important for its structures of concrezionamento; in fact it introduces a series of knows them with speleotemi spectacular for beauty, wealth and magnificenza, consisting in stalatti to you (to tip, mammella, to log of tree, ramificate, cortiniche etc), cannulas, eccentrics, (“hairs” and “thorns” on the stalk of stalactites you), sails and curtains, jellyfishes, concretions from “splash”, “latte of concrezionali mount”, taps on the walls and the pavements, stalagmiti (to candelabro, overlapped cupolas, battery of plates turns upside down to you, to great leaves, cauliflower, to cascade etc), columns and vaschette, with cordonature decided to gradinata. Inside of the cavity variable temperatures from i 10° C in January to i 16° C in July in the next part to the income are had, and from 17,7° C to 20,3° C in the large one it knows finishes it them; the varied relative humidity between l'87 and 98%.
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The Monello Cove is extremely interesting from the faunistico point of view, with some species characteristic of the carsico plan which the same cove belongs. The cavernicola fauna is characterized from the presence of vertebrati invertebrates and: between the invertebrates of particular valence they are the pseudoscorpions Chtonius multidentatus Beier and Roncus siculus Beier, isopode the Armadillium lagrecai Vandel and diplopode the Sicilmeris dionysii Strasser.Tra the vertebrati ones numbers the chirottero of the Rhinolophus species ferrumequinum ferrumequinum (Schreiber) irregularly marked in the cove to small groups. The epigeo atmosphere instead is characterized from the typical faunistico patrimony of the “hollow iblee”, in which rarity number themselves strongly and birds of particular pregio which the sicilian coturnice and the crow imperial, resisted them by now rare and extinction risk which colubro leopardino and the testuggine of Hermann, schivi mammals and I eluded which to you martora and the istrice.
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The vegetation.
In the ibleo territory the cultivations continue to maintain themselves above all on the pianeggiante tavolato one characterized from the intersection of the white men walls to dry. This landscape is furrowed from forre, deep also various hundreds of meters, in which aspects of natural forest vegetation like the spot to euforbia and the lecceta continue to maintain themselves. In the reservoir the cultivations are represented above all from olive groves, mandorleti and carrubeti; in this context they find species numerous tied to the ombreggiatura of chioma, and the here particularly diffuse elegant acanthus from the white woman primaverile closing and the crisantemo yellow.
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On the costoni full of rocks very the typical vegetation of spot to euforbia arborescente is represented that is accompanied to the ogliastro, to the carob tree, the turpentine tree and the alaterno. In the mouth of the cove, together to other rupicole plants like the graceful caper, one recovers the rarest Urtica rupestris, exclusive endemic species of the Iblei. Draft of one interesting perennial plant nearly totally lacking in urticanti hairs, with the exception of the other species of ortica always frightening pungenti. It, generally, grows in ombreggiati and humid atmospheres of the bottom of the forre, but in this particular context, decidedly barren, it takes advantage of the currents rendered fresh from the presence of the ipogeo.
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